/* On macOS, compile with... clang 690mainFrustum.c 040pixel.o -lglfw -framework OpenGL -framework Cocoa -framework IOKit On Ubuntu, compile with... cc 690mainFrustum.c 040pixel.o -lglfw -lGL -lm -ldl */ #include #include #include #include #include "040pixel.h" #include "240vector.c" #include "280matrix.c" #include "300isometry.c" #include "300camera.c" #include "660ray.c" #include "660body.c" #include "660sphere.c" #include "670half.c" #include "680and.c" #define SCREENWIDTH 512 #define SCREENHEIGHT 512 /*** ARTWORK ******************************************************************/ camCamera camera; double cameraTarget[3] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0}; double cameraRho = 10.0, cameraPhi = M_PI / 3.0, cameraTheta = M_PI / 3.0; /* Four spheres and one half space. */ #define BODYNUM 11 bodyBody bodies[BODYNUM]; int initializeArtwork(void) { /* Camera. */ camSetProjectionType(&camera, camPERSPECTIVE); camSetFrustum( &camera, M_PI / 6.0, cameraRho, 10.0, SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT); camLookAt(&camera, cameraTarget, cameraRho, cameraPhi, cameraTheta); /* Initialize eleven bodies. */ int error; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i += 1) { error = bodyInitialize(&bodies[i], halfDATASIZE, halfGetIntersection); if (error != 0) { for (int j = 0; j < i; j += 1) bodyFinalize(&bodies[j]); return 2; } } for (int i = 6; i < BODYNUM; i += 1) { error = bodyInitialize(&bodies[i], andDATASIZE, andGetIntersection); if (error != 0) { for (int j = 0; j < i; j += 1) bodyFinalize(&bodies[j]); return 1; } } double rot[3][3], transl[3], a[3], b[3]; double i[3] = {1.0, 0.0, 0.0}, j[3] = {0.0, 1.0, 0.0}; /* Near plane. */ vec3Set(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, a); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, b); vec3Set(0.0, 0.0, -1.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[0].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[0].isometry), transl); /* Far plane. */ vec3Set(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, a); vec3Set(0.0, -1.0, 0.0, b); vec3Set(0.0, 0.0, -4.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[1].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[1].isometry), transl); /* Left plane. */ vec3Set(1.0 / sqrt(2.0), 0.0, 1.0 / sqrt(2.0), a); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, b); vec3Set(-1.0, 0.0, -1.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[2].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[2].isometry), transl); /* Right plane. */ vec3Set(1.0 / sqrt(2.0), 0.0, -1.0 / sqrt(2.0), a); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, b); vec3Set(1.0, 0.0, -1.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[3].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[3].isometry), transl); /* Bottom plane. */ vec3Set(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, a); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0 / sqrt(2.0), 1.0 / sqrt(2.0), b); vec3Set(0.0, -1.0, -1.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[4].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[4].isometry), transl); /* Top plane. */ vec3Set(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, a); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0 / sqrt(2.0), -1.0 / sqrt(2.0), b); vec3Set(0.0, 1.0, -1.0, transl); mat3BasisRotation(i, j, a, b, rot); isoSetRotation(&(bodies[5].isometry), rot); isoSetTranslation(&(bodies[5].isometry), transl); /* Configure the AND bodies. */ bodyBody **bods = (bodyBody **)(bodies[6].shapeData); bods[0] = &bodies[1]; bods[1] = &bodies[0]; bods = (bodyBody **)(bodies[7].shapeData); bods[0] = &bodies[2]; bods[1] = &bodies[6]; bods = (bodyBody **)(bodies[8].shapeData); bods[0] = &bodies[3]; bods[1] = &bodies[7]; bods = (bodyBody **)(bodies[9].shapeData); bods[0] = &bodies[4]; bods[1] = &bodies[8]; bods = (bodyBody **)(bodies[10].shapeData); bods[0] = &bodies[5]; bods[1] = &bodies[9]; return 0; } void finalizeArtwork(void) { for (int i = 0; i < BODYNUM; i += 1) bodyFinalize(&bodies[i]); } /*** RENDERING ****************************************************************/ /* Given a ray x(t) = p + t u. Finds the color where that ray hits the scene (or the background), and outputs that color via the rgb parameter. */ void getSceneColor(const double p[3], const double u[3], double rgb[3]) { rayIntersection inter; bodyGetIntersection(&bodies[10], p, u, &inter); if (inter.start < rayEPSILON) vec3Set(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, rgb); else { for (int k = 0; k < 3; k += 1) rgb[k] = fabs(inter.normal[k]); } } void render(void) { /* Build a 4x4 matrix that (along with homogeneous division) takes screen coordinates (x0, x1, 0, 1) to the corresponding world coordinates. */ double cMatrix[4][4], pInvMatrix[4][4], vInvMatrix[4][4]; double cPInvMatrix[4][4], cPInvVInvMatrix[4][4]; mat4InverseViewport(SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT, vInvMatrix); isoGetHomogeneous(&(camera.isometry), cMatrix); if (camera.projectionType == camORTHOGRAPHIC) camGetInverseOrthographic(&camera, pInvMatrix); else camGetInversePerspective(&camera, pInvMatrix); mat4Compose(cMatrix, pInvMatrix, cPInvMatrix); mat4Compose(cPInvMatrix, vInvMatrix, cPInvVInvMatrix); /* Declare p and maybe compute u. */ double p[4], u[3]; if (camera.projectionType == camORTHOGRAPHIC) { double negK[3] = {0.0, 0.0, -1.0}; isoRotateDirection(&(camera.isometry), negK, u); } /* Each screen point is chosen to be on the near plane. */ double screen[4] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}; for (int i = 0; i < SCREENWIDTH; i += 1) { screen[0] = i; for (int j = 0; j < SCREENHEIGHT; j += 1) { screen[1] = j; /* Compute p and maybe also u. */ mat4Transform(cPInvVInvMatrix, screen, p); vecScale(4, 1.0 / p[3], p, p); if (camera.projectionType == camPERSPECTIVE) { vecSubtract(3, p, camera.isometry.translation, u); vecUnit(3, u, u); } /* Set the pixel to the color of that ray x(t) = p + t * u. */ double rgb[3]; getSceneColor(p, u, rgb); pixSetRGB(i, j, rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]); } } } /*** USER INTERFACE ***********************************************************/ void handleKey( int key, int shiftIsDown, int controlIsDown, int altOptionIsDown, int superCommandIsDown) { if (key == GLFW_KEY_I) cameraPhi -= 0.1; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_K) cameraPhi += 0.1; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_J) cameraTheta -= 0.1; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_L) cameraTheta += 0.1; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_U) cameraRho *= 1.1; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_O) cameraRho *= 0.9; else if (key == GLFW_KEY_P) { if (camera.projectionType == camORTHOGRAPHIC) camSetProjectionType(&camera, camPERSPECTIVE); else camSetProjectionType(&camera, camORTHOGRAPHIC); } camSetFrustum( &camera, M_PI / 6.0, cameraRho, 10.0, SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT); camLookAt(&camera, cameraTarget, cameraRho, cameraPhi, cameraTheta); } void handleTimeStep(double oldTime, double newTime) { if (floor(newTime) - floor(oldTime) >= 1.0) printf( "info: handleTimeStep: %f frames/s\n", 1.0 / (newTime - oldTime)); double rot[3][3], axis[3] = {0.0, 0.0, 1.0}; mat3AngleAxisRotation(newTime, axis, rot); //isoSetRotation(&(bodies[10].isometry), rot); render(); } int main(void) { if (pixInitialize(SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT, "Ray Tracing") != 0) return 1; if (initializeArtwork() != 0) { pixFinalize(); return 2; } pixSetKeyDownHandler(handleKey); pixSetKeyRepeatHandler(handleKey); pixSetTimeStepHandler(handleTimeStep); pixRun(); finalizeArtwork(); pixFinalize(); return 0; }